cocaine

What Do You Need To Know About Cocaine Addiction?

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    Knowing what to do if you believe a loved one has a cocaine addiction is vital. The repercussions of a society plagued by addicts who use cocaine are severe. If a loved one appears to be battling with cocaine addiction, you owe it to them to educate yourself on the disease and its treatment options. Our next section takes a deep dive into the topic of cocaine addiction.

    Constant cocaine use has devastating effects on a person's physical and mental health, interpersonal connections, financial stability, and professional productivity. On the other hand, educating yourself about substance abuse and addiction can help you or a loved one see warning signals and know when to get treatment.

    What Precisely Is Cocaine?

    Cocaine is a stimulant substance extracted from the leaves of the coca plant, which is native to South America. While cocaine has medical uses, such as providing local anaesthesia for some surgical procedures, its recreational use is illegal. Cocaine, an illegal substance, has the physical appearance of a fine, white powder. Street vendors commonly cut it with fillers like cornstarch, talcum powder, or flour to maximise their profits. They may also mix it with synthetic opioids like fentanyl or stimulants like amphetamine. Adding synthetic opioids to cocaine increases the risk for users who are unaware that cocaine already contains a drug with recognised negative effects. Increased overdose deaths among cocaine users may be attributable to the prevalence of contaminated cocaine.

    How Do People Use Cocaine?

    cocaine addiction

    Cocaine powder is ingested through the nasal passages or the gums. Some users choose to just inject the powder, while others mix it with heroin and cocaine to create a "Speedball."

    The refined, crystal form of cocaine is also suitable for inhalation (also called "freebase cocaine"). The vapours are breathed once the crystal is heated to release them. The drug's cracking sound when heated inspired the name "crack," which is slang for cocaine in rock form. A subgroup of crack users mix their drug with another, and then smoke the resultant concoction. Common additions include marijuana and tobacco.

    Cocaine abusers frequently engage in "bingeing," the practise of rapidly increasing one's dose of the drug in order to sustain one's high.

    There are three main types of cocaine available for purchase: cocaine hydrochloride a white crystalline powder, freebase (pure cocaine that does not include the hydrochloride component), and crack cocaine. It is possible to snort the powder, rub it on one's gums, or consume it after melting and dissolving the hydrochloride powder in liquid. Inhalation and nasopharyngeal absorption are the usual modes of administration (snorting). Freebase and crack cocaine use is widespread.

    Can Cocaine Lead to Addiction?

    Yes. Cocaine promotes the release of "feel-good" neurotransmitters in the brain by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. The drug cocaine has a high potential for abuse. Long-term exposure to cocaine, which causes an artificial surge of dopamine, may lead to the brain's receptors being desensitised to its effects. The findings of the National Institute on Drug Abuse can be summarised as follows: Cocaine, like many other substances, can alter the brain's reward circuit and possibly other systems in a way that might lead to addiction. The reward circuit becomes desensitised to the drug over time as it adjusts to the increasing levels of dopamine. In order to achieve the same high they got when they first started using and to get relief from the symptoms of withdrawal, people resort to taking bigger doses more frequently.

    How Does Cocaine and Crack Affect the Human Body?

    It doesn't matter how frequently or how little you use crack or cocaine, you're putting your life in jeopardy. Even a healthy first-time user of cocaine runs the risk of suffering a heart attack due to the quick onset of its effects. This was the conclusion of an Australian study presented to the American Heart Association. Reduced oxygen delivery to the heart is one of the negative health effects of cocaine usage. Therefore, the heart muscle has to work harder. Cocaine raises blood pressure and heart rate due to its vasoconstrictive effects.

    This article will help you make a decision about Rehab Treatment Melbourne fees for different treatments.

    Snorting powder cocaine produces vasoconstriction in the lining of the nose, which then dilates and creates a red, runny, and congested nose. A person's sense of smell may be compromised by the permanent damage to blood vessels that occurs with cocaine use.

    A risk of inhaling medication through the nose is that it might cut off blood flow to the septum, the thin wall that separates the nostrils and helps support the bridge of the nose. This is among the factors that may lead to septal disintegration. The nasal bridge might fall in on itself if the septum is weak.

    Crack smoking results in "crack lung," a disease characterised by severe chest discomfort, a fever, and difficulty breathing. This may be a serious medical issue.

    Hepatitis C and HIV transmission are both more likely when needles are shared during injection.

    How Exactly Does Cocaine Mess With Your Head?

    Cocaine enhances the production of the neurotransmitter dopamine in regions of the brain responsible for motor control and reward processing.

    Dopamine is normally recycled back into the cell that released it, shutting down the signal between nerve cells. However, cocaine blocks the reuptake of dopamine, which leads to an accumulation of the chemical in the gap between nerve cells and disrupts normal communication between them. A considerable amount of dopamine is produced in the brain's reward circuit when someone uses drugs, which supports drug use. Furthermore, the reward circuit may become less responsive to the drug's effects with continued use. To have the same effect and counteract withdrawal symptoms, users must increase their dosing frequency and increase the strength of their doses.

    What Are The Signs That Someone Has Overdosed On Cocaine?

    A drug overdose can cause anything from mild discomfort to life-threatening conditions like a heart attack or a stroke. The most common signs include:

    • Caused by the heart's beating too quickly or too irregularly.
    • Unhealthy BP
    • Weak and unsteady
    • The inability to take a deep breath
    • Incomplete or blurred vision
    • Anxiety to the max
    • feeling lost or unsure of where one is
    • Hallucinations
    • Myocardial infarctions
    • Seizures
    • Strokes

    If an overdose is suspected, medical personnel will try to prevent more seizures by reviving the victim or by increasing blood flow to the brain. Alternately, they will attempt to restart the heart's blood supply. Naloxone is sometimes effective in reversing the effects of an overdose on patients.

    Implications In The Short-Term

    Some of cocaine's immediate side effects include the following:

    • maximum levels of happiness and energy
    • high levels of arousal and irritation, along with heightened sensitivity to sight, sound, and touch
    • One definition of paranoia is an illogical and excessive fear of other people.

    Some cocaine users may experience the opposite impact, becoming slower in carrying out routine mental and physical tasks. However, not all people who try the substance feel this way. Moreover, extreme paranoia, irrational thoughts, and violent outbursts are all possible outcomes of heavy cocaine use.

    Cocaine's effects are felt very immediately and wane off a few minutes to an hour later. How it is used affects not just how long the benefits last, but also how strong they are. The high from snorting cocaine is stronger and more immediate than the high from injecting or smoking the drug, but it doesn't last as long. The effects of nasally inhaled cocaine might persist from 15 to 30 minutes. Depending on the person, the effects of smoking can last anywhere from five to 10 minutes.

    What Are Some Of The Other Negative Effects That Cocaine Use Has On One's Health?

    Cocaine usage has several harmful impacts on health, including but not limited to:

    • blood vessels that have become constricted
    • dilated pupils
    • nausea
    • a higher than normal body temperature and blood pressure, rapid or irregular heartbeat, tremors, and cramping in the muscles
    • restlessness

    Effects That Last Over Time

    The following are some of the long-term health effects of cocaine, the severity of which is dependent on the method of use:

    • Swallowing difficulties, a diminished sense of smell, and nosebleeds are all consequences of chronic snoring.
    • As a result of smoking, one's sense of smell can diminish and one may experience frequent nosebleeds.
    • Ingesting it orally raises the risk of coughing, asthma episodes, respiratory discomfort, and infections like pneumonia. significant degeneration of the colon due to decreased blood flow after needle injection; increased risk of contracting HIV, hepatitis C, and other blood-borne diseases; increased risk of contracting infections of the skin or soft tissues; and higher risk of developing collapsed veins.

    People who use cocaine but don't inject it are nonetheless at risk for HIV since the drug impairs judgement and increases the likelihood that users may engage in hazardous sexual behaviour with partners who are HIV positive (see "Cocaine, HIV, and Hepatitis" textbox).

    Cocaine users may experience a loss of appetite and subsequent malnutrition, and long-term users may be at increased risk for developing movement problems like Parkinson's disease. These are a few of cocaine's many harmful side effects. Irritability and restlessness are common complaints from those who abuse cocaine to extreme levels. Some people also suffer from intense paranoia. Auditory hallucinations occur, and they start to tune out the real world and hear voices and other noises that aren't there. Want to find the best drug and alcohol treatment facility?

    Refocus Rehab Melbourne  might be the answer. 

    Is It Possible To Die From Cocaine Poisoning?

    Someone can overdose and die from using too much cocaine. Any time a person takes enough of a substance to produce potentially fatal effects or symptoms, this is known as an overdose. Overdosing can be done on purpose or unintentionally.

    Overdose is a real possibility for anyone who uses cocaine, whether it's their first time or their fifth. Many cocaine users also partake in alcoholic beverages, which is a deadly mix that can easily result in an overdose. For some, the solution is to combine the two medications, which is a potentially fatal move.

    Most frequently and seriously, overdose causes heart rhythm irregularities, heart attacks, seizures, and strokes. Cocaine overdose can also cause excessive agitation or anxiety, difficulty breathing, high blood pressure, high body temperature, and hallucinations.

    What Kinds Of Treatments Are Available For Cocaine Overdose?

    At the present time, there is no one drug that can counteract the consequences of a cocaine overdose. The severity of the symptoms is taken into account while deciding on a course of supportive care. First responders and emergency department doctors, for instance, often treat the symptoms of a cocaine overdose instead than the overdose itself, with the following goals in mind:

    • bringing normal circulation back to the heart (heart attack)
    • re-establishing a blood supply that is rich in oxygen to the affected area of the brain (stroke)
    • putting an end to the convulsions

    The first part of the physical treatment is detoxification, or detox, which entails cleansing the body of the harmful effects of cocaine. It is suggested that persons experiencing withdrawal from cocaine seek medically-supervised detox. Cocaine withdrawal can endure from a few days to many months, and it's during this time that relapse is most likely to occur as the body tries to restore its natural equilibrium.

    How Exactly Does The Use Of Cocaine Lead To Addiction?

    Cocaine, like many other substances, can alter the brain's reward circuit and possibly other systems in a way that might lead to addiction. The reward circuit becomes desensitised to the drug over time as it adjusts to the increasing levels of dopamine. To achieve the same effects as when they initially began using and to alleviate the discomfort of withdrawal, users may resort to taking bigger doses more frequently.

    Withdrawal symptoms might include:

    • depression
    • The lack of sleep stimulated my appetite.
    • Because of the nightmares and the lack of sleep, I was unable to think clearly.

    How Can Individuals Get Treatment For Their Addiction To Cocaine?

    In order to treat an addiction to cocaine, behavioural therapy may be utilised. Examples include:

    • CBT is short for cognitive-behavioral therapy.
    • Therapeutic communities are drug-free residences in which people in recovery from substance use disorders help each other understand and change their behaviours. 
    • Contingency management, also known as motivational incentives or motivational incentives, is the practise of offering rewards to patients who remain abstinent from substances.
    • Groups based in the community that assist with recovery, such as the 12 steps

    Important Things to Keep in Mind

    1. Cocaine is a stimulant substance extracted from the leaves of the coca plant, which is native to South America.
    2. Street vendors often add fillers like cornstarch, talcum powder, or flour to it to improve their profit margins.
    3. It's not uncommon for people to mix it with other narcotics, such amphetamines or fentanyl, which are both stimulants and opioids, respectively.
    4. Powdered cocaine is snorted or rubbed into the gums to get high. Some users prefer to mix the powder with water before injecting it, while others prefer "Speedballs," which combine cocaine and heroin. Smoking crack cocaine is another typical form of administration.
    5. Cocaine increases dopamine production in brain regions responsible for motor control and motivation.
    6. A fatal overdose is possible when using cocaine.
    7. Cocaine addiction treatment may include behavioural therapy.

    Warnings That You Might Have An Issue

    Though cocaine has a reputation as a party drug, it can quickly become an addictive and potentially lethal substance if used regularly. The intense signals sent to the brain's pleasure centres by cocaine result in a heightened state of awareness and a "high" sensation. Cocaine can be ingested in a number of different ways, including intravenously, orally, by the nose, or by smoking. Cocaine has a profound effect on the brain, and even a single use can cause long-term changes in reward pathways and neuronal connectivity. Please keep a look out for these warning signals that could indicate a cocaine addiction.

    Alterations in One's Body

    Consistent cocaine usage has been linked to a range of psychological and physical alterations. Coca's physical effects are highly sensitive to how the medication is taken. Snorting cocaine can lead to nosebleeds, recurrent runny noses, and difficulties swallowing, while swallowing it can lead to intestinal rot. Cocaine snorting can also cause respiratory distress. Cocaine use, especially when inhaled, is associated with an increased risk of pneumonia and other respiratory illnesses. Needles have the potential to leave scars on the skin.

    Tolerance, as well as Reticence

    One of the hallmarks of cocaine dependence is tolerance, or the need for increasing doses to produce the same effect. Too often, tolerance develops with withdrawal. Physical symptoms of withdrawal might include chills, pains, fever, difficulty concentrating, exhaustion, and irritability, and they often accompany overwhelming cravings to use again. If your desires are becoming unbearable, it may be time to get some help. On the other hand, going through withdrawal under the care of a medical expert is a must.

    Frequently Asked Questions About Cocaine

    Not. The combination of the two substances has the potential to produce cocaethylene, a substance that is toxic to the liver and the heart, has a potentially harmful effect on the heart's rate and rhythm, and raises the risk of having a heart attack or a stroke.

    The combination of cocaine, a central nervous system stimulant, with heroin, an opioid depressant, is commonly referred to as a "speedball." Some mistakenly believe the stimulant will produce an immediate high followed by a sense of relaxation from the depressant—with the "upper" and "downer" combination cancelling out any negative side effects.

    This logic is twisted and dangerous. In actuality, the stimulant causes the body to use more oxygen, while the depressant reduces the rate of breathing. This "push-pull" reaction can lead to stroke, aneurysm, uncoordinated motor skills, and fatal consequences like a respiratory failure.

    Cocaine use can lead to a potentially fatal complication known as bleeding in the brain. Cocaine use not only raises the risk of brain bleeds and strokes, but the types of brain bleeds that result from cocaine use are frequently more severe than those that result from other types of brain bleeds.

    An overdose on cocaine, also known as using an excessive amount of the drug at once, can be fatal. Cocaine use is the illicit substance most likely to result in a trip to the nearest hospital's emergency room. Cocaine use was a factor in nearly 14,000 fatal drug overdoses in the United States in 2017.

    Even though the metabolites of cocaine are gone within about four hours, a cocaine test can still find the drug in the following places:

    • Approximately two to five days' worth of urine
      saliva for about two hours, but there have been instances in which traces of cocaine have been found in saliva for as long as 19 hours.
    • Up to three months' worth of hair

    On the other hand, if someone uses cocaine frequently or for an extended period of time, the drug may remain in their system for a longer period of time and be detectable on a cocaine test for a longer period of time. Cocaine use can be detected in someone's system for up to three months after the last time they used the drug using certain types of drug tests, the most common of which is a hair follicle test.

    The amount of cocaine a user consumes, the frequency with which they use the drug, and whether or not they combine it with other substances are some of the specific factors that determine how long cocaine remains in a user's system. Also, the procedure for the drug testing that they are going through.

    School, Work And Money Problems

    addicted to self help2

    An extended use of cocaine can result in a variety of financial issues, including missing work and falling further behind on payments. Cocaine addicts may also have trouble attending school and may lose track of their goals in life. See our list of available Rehabilitation Programmes to help you make an informed decision for your treatment.

    Since cocaine is so expensive, addiction to the drug often leads to further criminal behaviour. Cocaine users, even those closest to them, may be predisposed to engaging in dishonest financial behaviour.

    Alterations in Mood

    Changes in behaviour and personality are possible consequences of cocaine addiction, including increased anger and depression. Cocaine usage has been linked to the emergence or worsening of a variety of mental health issues, such as panic disorder, paranoia, mania, and delusions. And the elevated sense of self-worth experienced during a cocaine high can give way to severe depression once the substance is no longer in the system.

    Changes in Society

    Cocaine usage is destructive to all kinds of relationships. When someone is addicted to a substance, they may become secretive, manipulative, and abusive. They may also begin to prioritise their drug use over their relationships with others.

    Cocaine abusers may feel ashamed of their drug usage and withdraw from their social networks, adding another layer of difficulty to the already difficult process of getting sober. However, many professionals agree that it's crucial to stay in touch with loved ones while undergoing therapy.

    Conclusion

    Cocaine use has devastating effects on a person's physical and mental health. Knowing what to do if you believe a loved one has a cocaine addiction is vital. Educating yourself about substance abuse and addiction can help you see warning signals and know when to get treatment. There are three main types of cocaine available for purchase: cocaine hydrochloride, freebase and crack cocaine. Cocaine can alter the brain's reward circuit in a way that might lead to addiction.

    Even a healthy first-time user of cocaine runs the risk of suffering a heart attack. Crack smoking results in "crack lung," a disease characterised by severe chest discomfort, a fever, and difficulty breathing. Cocaine blocks the reuptake of dopamine, which leads to an accumulation of the chemical in the gap between nerve cells and disrupts normal communication between them. Cocaine's effects are felt very immediately and wane off a few minutes to an hour later. Some cocaine users may experience the opposite impact, becoming slower in carrying out routine tasks.

    The high from snorting cocaine is stronger and more immediate than the high from injecting or smoking the drug. Cocaine users may experience a loss of appetite and subsequent malnutrition, and long-term users may be at increased risk for developing movement problems like Parkinson's disease. Irritability and restlessness are common complaints from those who abuse cocaine to extreme levels. Some people also suffer from intense paranoia. Cocaine can alter the brain's reward circuit in a way that might lead to addiction.

    The reward circuit becomes desensitised to the drug over time as it adjusts to the increasing levels of dopamine. Behavioural therapy may be used to treat an addiction to cocaine. Cocaine has a profound effect on the brain, and even a single use can cause long-term changes. Snorting cocaine can lead to nosebleeds, recurrent runny noses, and difficulties swallowing. Cocaine use, especially when inhaled, is associated with an increased risk of pneumonia.

    An extended use of cocaine can result in a variety of financial issues, including missing work and falling further behind on payments. Cocaine addicts may also have trouble attending school and may lose track of their goals in life. Since cocaine is so expensive, addiction to the drug often leads to further criminal behaviour.

    Content Summary

    1. Knowing what to do if you believe a loved one has a cocaine addiction is vital.
    2. If a loved one appears to be battling with cocaine addiction, you owe it to them to educate yourself on the disease and its treatment options.
    3. Constant cocaine use has devastating effects on a person's physical and mental health, interpersonal connections, financial stability, and professional productivity.
    4. On the other hand, educating yourself about substance abuse and addiction can help you or a loved one see warning signals and know when to get treatment.
    5. Freebase and crack cocaine use is widespread.
    6. Cocaine promotes the release of "feel-good" neurotransmitters in the brain by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.
    7. The drug cocaine has a high potential for abuse.
    8. The findings of the National Institute on Drug Abuse can be summarised as follows: Cocaine, like many other substances, can alter the brain's reward circuit and possibly other systems in a way that might lead to addiction.
    9. Even a healthy first-time user of cocaine runs the risk of suffering a heart attack due to the quick onset of its effects.
    10. Reduced oxygen delivery to the heart is one of the negative health effects of cocaine usage.
    11. This article will help you make a decision about Rehab Treatment Melbourne fees for different treatments.
    12. Snorting powder cocaine produces vasoconstriction in the lining of the nose, which then dilates and creates a red, runny, and congested nose.
    13. A risk of inhaling medication through the nose is that it might cut off blood flow to the septum, the thin wall that separates the nostrils and helps support the bridge of the nose.
    14. This is among the factors that may lead to septal disintegration.
    15. Crack smoking results in "crack lung," a disease characterised by severe chest discomfort, a fever, and difficulty breathing.
    16. This may be a serious medical issue.
    17. What Are The Signs That Someone Has Overdosed On Cocaine?A drug overdose can cause anything from mild discomfort to life-threatening conditions like a heart attack or a stroke.
    18. The most common signs include:Caused by the heart's beating too quickly or too irregularly.
    19. Naloxone is sometimes effective in reversing the effects of an overdose on patients.
    20. Some cocaine users may experience the opposite impact, becoming slower in carrying out routine mental and physical tasks.
    21. Moreover, extreme paranoia, irrational thoughts, and violent outbursts are all possible outcomes of heavy cocaine use.
    22. Cocaine's effects are felt very immediately and wane off a few minutes to an hour later.
    23. How it is used affects not just how long the benefits last, but also how strong they are.
    24. The high from snorting cocaine is stronger and more immediate than the high from injecting or smoking the drug, but it doesn't last as long.
    25. Depending on the person, the effects of smoking can last anywhere from five to 10 minutes.
    26. What Are Some Of The Other Negative Effects That Cocaine Use Has On One's Health?Cocaine usage has several harmful impacts on health, including but not limited to:blood vessels that have become constricteddilated pupilsnauseaa higher than normal body temperature and blood pressure, rapid or irregular heartbeat, tremors, and cramping in the musclesrestlessnessEffects That Last Over TimeThe following are some of the long-term health effects of cocaine, the severity of which is dependent on the method of use:Swallowing difficulties, a diminished sense of smell, and nosebleeds are all consequences of chronic snoring.
    27. People who use cocaine but don't inject it are nonetheless at risk for HIV since the drug impairs judgement and increases the likelihood that users may engage in hazardous sexual behaviour with partners who are HIV positive (see "Cocaine, HIV, and Hepatitis" textbox).
    28. These are a few of cocaine's many harmful side effects.
    29. What Kinds Of Treatments Are Available For Cocaine Overdose?At the present time, there is no one drug that can counteract the consequences of a cocaine overdose.
    30. The severity of the symptoms is taken into account while deciding on a course of supportive care.
    31. First responders and emergency department doctors, for instance, often treat the symptoms of a cocaine overdose instead than the overdose itself, with the following goals in mind:bringing normal circulation back to the heart (heart attack)re-establishing a blood supply that is rich in oxygen to the affected area of the brain (stroke)putting an end to the convulsionsThe first part of the physical treatment is detoxification, or detox, which entails cleansing the body of the harmful effects of cocaine.
    32. Cocaine, like many other substances, can alter the brain's reward circuit and possibly other systems in a way that might lead to addiction.
    33. How Can Individuals Get Treatment For Their Addiction To Cocaine?In order to treat an addiction to cocaine, behavioural therapy may be utilised.
    34. Examples include:CBT is short for cognitive-behavioral therapy.
    35. Cocaine addiction treatment may include behavioural therapy.
    36. Though cocaine has a reputation as a party drug, it can quickly become an addictive and potentially lethal substance if used regularly.
    37. The intense signals sent to the brain's pleasure centres by cocaine result in a heightened state of awareness and a "high" sensation.
    38. Cocaine has a profound effect on the brain, and even a single use can cause long-term changes in reward pathways and neuronal connectivity.
    39. Please keep a look out for these warning signals that could indicate a cocaine addiction.
    40. Alterations in One's BodyConsistent cocaine usage has been linked to a range of psychological and physical alterations.
    41. Coca's physical effects are highly sensitive to how the medication is taken.
    42. Cocaine snorting can also cause respiratory distress.
    43. Cocaine use, especially when inhaled, is associated with an increased risk of pneumonia and other respiratory illnesses.
    44. Tolerance, as well as ReticenceOne of the hallmarks of cocaine dependence is tolerance, or the need for increasing doses to produce the same effect.
    45. Too often, tolerance develops with withdrawal.
    46. Physical symptoms of withdrawal might include chills, pains, fever, difficulty concentrating, exhaustion, and irritability, and they often accompany overwhelming cravings to use again.
    47. If your desires are becoming unbearable, it may be time to get some help.
    48. On the other hand, going through withdrawal under the care of a medical expert is a must.
    49. School, Work And Money ProblemsAn extended use of cocaine can result in a variety of financial issues, including missing work and falling further behind on payments.
    50. See our list of available Rehabilitation Programmes to help you make an informed decision for your treatment.
    51. Since cocaine is so expensive, addiction to the drug often leads to further criminal behaviour.
    52. Cocaine users, even those closest to them, may be predisposed to engaging in dishonest financial behaviour.
    53. Alterations in MoodChanges in behaviour and personality are possible consequences of cocaine addiction, including increased anger and depression.
    54. Cocaine usage has been linked to the emergence or worsening of a variety of mental health issues, such as panic disorder, paranoia, mania, and delusions.
    55. Changes in SocietyCocaine usage is destructive to all kinds of relationships.
    56. They may also begin to prioritise their drug use over their relationships with others.
    57. Cocaine abusers may feel ashamed of their drug usage and withdraw from their social networks, adding another layer of difficulty to the already difficult process of getting sober.
    58. However, many professionals agree that it's crucial to stay in touch with loved ones while undergoing therapy.
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